Baker, R., Wang, F., Ma, Z., Ma, W., Zheng, S. (2018) Studying the Effectiveness of an Online Language Learning Platform in China. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 29 (1), 5-24.
[prepub draft pdf]
Rowe, E., Asbell-Clarke, J., Baker, R.S., Eagle, M., Hicks, A.G., Barnes, T.M., Brown, R.A.,
Edwards, T. (2017) Assessing Implict Science Learning in Digital Games.
Computers in Human Behavior, 76C, 617-630. [preprint draft pdf]
Andres, J.M.L., Baker, R.S., Siemens, G., Gasevic, D., Spann, C.A. (2017) Replicating 21
Findings on Student Success in Online Learning. Technology, Instruction,
Cognition, and Learning, 10 (4), 313-333.
[preprint draft pdf]
San Pedro, M.O., Baker, R.S., Heffernan, N.T. (2017) An Integrated Look at Middle School Engagement and Learning in Digital Environments as Precursors to College Attendance. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 22 (3), 243-273.
[pdf]
Almeda, V., Baker, R., Corbett, A. (2017) Help Avoidance: When Students Should Seek Help,
and the Consequences of Failing to Do So. Teachers College Record, 117 (3).
[pdf]
Slater, S., Joksimovic, S., Kovanovic, V., Baker, R.S., Gasevic, D. (2017) Tools for
Educational Data Mining: A Review. Journal of Educational and Behavioral
Statistics, 42 (1), 85-106. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., San Pedro, M.O., Lai, H-y., Baker, R.S., Borgen, F. (2016) Middle School Engagement with
Mathematics Software and Later Interest and Self-Efficacy for STEM Careers. Journal
of Science Education and Technology, 25 (6), 877-887. [pdf]
Bosch, N., D'Mello, S.K., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Shute, V. (2016) Using video to automatically
detect learner affect in computer-enabled classrooms.
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems, 6 (2).
[pdf]
Godwin, K.E., Almeda, M.V., Seltman, H., Kai, S., Skerbetz, M.D., Baker, R.S., Fisher, A.V. (2016)
Off-task Behavior in Elementary School Children. Learning and Instruction, 44, 128-143.
[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S. (2016) Stupid Tutoring Systems, Intelligent Humans. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Education, 26 (2), 600-614.[pdf]
Baker, R., Clarke-Midura, J., Ocumpaugh, J. (2016) Towards General Models
of Effective Science Inquiry in Virtual Performance Assessments.
Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 32 (3), 267-280.[preprint draft pdf]
Kovanovic, V. Gasevic, D., Dawson, S., Joksimovic, S., Baker, R.S., Hatala, M. (2016) Does Time-on-task Estimation Matter? Implications on Validity of Learning Analytics Findings. Journal of Learning Analytics, 2 (3), 81-110.
[pdf]
Mulqueeny, K., Kostyuk, V., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2015) Incorporating Effective
e-Learning Principles to Improve Student Engagement in Middle-School Mathematics. International Journal of STEM Education, 2 (15). [pdf]
Comer, D., Baker, R., Wang, Y. (2015) Negativity in Massive Online Open
Courses: Impacts on Learning and Teaching. InSight: A Journal
of Scholarly Teaching, 10.[preprint draft pdf]
Shute, V.J., D'Mello, S., Baker, R., Cho, K., Bosch, N., Ocumpaugh, J., Ventura, M., Almeda, V. (2015)
Modeling how incoming knowledge, persistence, affective states, and in-game progress influence
student learning from an educational game. Computers & Education, 86, 224-235.
[pdf]
Ogan, A., Walker, E., Baker, R., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Soriano, J.C., Castro, M.J. (2015) Towards Understanding
How to Assess Help-Seeking Behavior Across Cultures. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence
in Education, 25 (2), 229-248.
[pdf]
Gobert, J.D., Baker, R.S., Wixon, M.B. (2015) Operationalizing and Detecting Disengagement Within Online Science Microworlds. Educational Psychologist, 50 (1), 43-57. [pdf]
Wang, Y. Baker, R. (2015) Content or Platform: Why do students complete MOOCs? MERLOT
Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 11 (1), 17-30.[pdf]
Wang, Y.E., Paquette, L., Baker, R. (2015) A Longitudinal Study on Learner Career
Advancement in MOOCs. Journal of Learning Analytics, 1 (3), 203-206. [pdf]
Roll, I., Baker, R.S.J. d., Aleven, V., Koedinger, K.R. (2014) On the Benefits of Seeking (and
Avoiding) Help in Online Problem-Solving Environments. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 23
(4), 537-560. [preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T. (2014) Assessment of Robust Learning with Educational Data Mining.
Research & Practice in Assessment, 9, 38-50. [pdf]
Baker, R.S. (2014) Educational Data Mining: An Advance for Intelligent Systems in Education. IEEE Intelligent Systems,29 (3), 78-82. [preprint draft pdf]
Berland, M., Baker, R.S., Blikstein, P. (2014) Educational data mining and learning analytics: Applications to constructionist research. Technology, Knowledge, and Learning, 19, 205-220.[preprint draft pdf].
Miller, W.L., Baker, R.S., Rossi, L.M. (2014) Unifying Computer-Based Assessment Across Conceptual Instruction, Problem-Solving, and Digital Games. Technology, Knowledge, and Learning, 19, 165-181.[preprint draft pdf].
Pardos, Z.A., Baker, R.S., San Pedro, M.O.C.Z., Gowda, S.M., Gowda, S.M. (2014) Affective states and state tests: Investigating how affect and engagement during the school year predict end of year learning outcomes. Journal of Learning Analytics, 1 (1), 107-128.[preprint draft pdf].
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Gowda, S., Heffernan, N., Heffernan, C. (2014) Population validity for Educational Data Mining models: A case study
in affect detection. British Journal of Educational Technology, 45 (3), 487-501.[preprint draft pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S.J.d., Rodrigo, M.M.T. (2014) Carelessness and Affect in an Intelligent Tutoring System for Mathematics. International Journal of Artifiical Intelligence in Education, 24, 189-210.[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Hershkovitz, A., Rossi, L.M., Goldstein, A.B., Gowda, S.M. (2013) Predicting Robust Learning With the Visual Form of the Moment-by-Moment Learning Curve. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 22 (4), 639-666.[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Gowda, S.M. (2013) Generalizing Automated Detection of the Robustness of Student Learning in an Intelligent Tutor for Genetics. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(4), 946-956. [preprint draft pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Rossi, L. (2013) Student Off-Task Behavior in Computer-Based Learning in the Philippines: Comparison to Prior Research in the USA. Teachers College Record, 115 (10), 1-27. [preprint draft pdf]
Gowda, S.M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Rossi, L.M. (2013) Towards Automatically Detecting Whether Student Learning is Shallow. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 23 (1), 50-70. [pdf]
Winne, P.H., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) The Potentials of Educational Data Mining for Researching Metacognition, Motivation, and Self-Regulated Learning.
Journal of Educational Data Mining, 5 (1), 1-8. [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Montalvo, O. Nakama, A.
(2013) Leveraging Machine-Learned Detectors of Systematic Inquiry
Behavior to Estimate and Predict Transfer of Inquiry Skill.
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 23 (1), 1-39. [preprint draft pdf]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Wixon, M., Sao Pedro, M. (2013) Discovery with Models: A Case Study on Carelessness in Computer-based Science Inquiry. American Behavioral Scientist, 57 (10), 1479-1498.[preprint draft pdf]
Porayska-Pomsta, K., Mavrikis, M., D'Mello, S., Conati, C., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Knowledge Elicitation Methods for Affect Modeling in Education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 22 (3), 107-140.[preprint draft pdf]
Gobert, J.D., Sao Pedro, M., Raziuddin, J., Baker, R. (2013) From Log Files to Assessment Metrics: Measuring Students' Science Inquiry Skills Using Educational Data Mining. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 22 (4), 521-563.[official pdf]
Koedinger, K.R., Brunskill, E., Baker, R.S.J.d., McLaughlin, E.A., Stamper, J. (2013) New Potentials for Data-Driven Intelligent Tutoring System Development and Optimization. AI Magazine, 34 (3), 27-41.[preprint draft pdf]
Gobert, J.D., Sao Pedro, M.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Toto, E., Montalvo, O. (2012) Leveraging Educational Data Mining for Real-time Perfomance Assesment of Scientific Inquiry Skills within Microworlds.
Journal of Educational Data Mining, 4 (1), 111-143. [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Agapito, J., Nabos, J., Repalam, M.C., Reyes, S.S., San Pedro, M.C.Z. (2012) The Effects of an Interactive Software Agent on Student Affective Dynamics while Using an Intelligent Tutoring System. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 3 (2), 224-236. [preprint draft pdf]
Desmarais, M.C., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012) A Review of Recent Advances in Learner and Skill Modeling in Intelligent Learning Environments. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 22 (1-2), 9-38.[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Goldstein, A.B., Heffernan, N.T. (2011) Detecting Learning Moment-by-Moment. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 21 (1-2), 5-25. [preprint draft pdf]
Pardos, Z.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Heffernan, N.T. (2011) The Sum is Greater than
the Parts: Ensembling Models of Student Knowledge in Educational Software. SIGKDD Explorations, 13 (2), 37-44. [preprint draft pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Comparing Learners' Affect
While Using an Intelligent Tutor and an Educational Game.
Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 6 (1), 43-66. [preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Gaming the System: A Retrospective Look. Philippine Computing Journal, 6 (2), 9-13. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Isotani, S., de Carvalho, A. (2011) Mineracao de
Dados Educacionais: Oportunidades para o Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Informatica na Educacao.[preprint draft pdf], 19 (2), 3-13
Baker, D.J., Baker, R.S.J.d., Uhing, B. (2011) Content of Instruction for Transition-age Youth with Disabilities: A Brief Report. National Association for the Dually Diagnosed (NADD) Bulletin, 14 (5), 89-94.
Baker, R.S.J.d., D'Mello, S.K., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Graesser, A.C. (2010) Better to Be Frustrated than Bored: The Incidence, Persistence, and Impact of Learners' Cognitive-Affective States during Interactions with Three Different Computer-Based Learning Environments. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 68 (4), 223-241. [preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Yacef, K. (2009) The State of Educational Data Mining in 2009: A Review and Future Visions. Journal of Educational Data Mining,
1 (1), 3-17. [pdf] [Prof. Ram Kumar
Educational Data Mining Test of Time Award]
[Test of Time Award Talk]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Roll, I., Koedinger, K.R. (2008) Developing a Generalizable Detector of When Students Game the System. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 18, 3, 287-314. [official pdf] [pdf]
Baker, R., Walonoski, J., Heffernan, N., Roll, I., Corbett, A., Koedinger, K. (2008) Why Students Engage in "Gaming the System" Behavior in Interactive Learning Environments. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 19 (2), 185-224. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2007) The Difficulty Factors Approach to the Design of Lessons in Intelligent Tutor Curricula. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 17 (4), 341-369. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2006) Responding
to Problem Behaviors in Cognitive Tutors: Towards Educational Systems
Which Support All Students. National Association for the
Dually Diagnosed (NADD) Bulletin, 9 (4), 70-75.
[pdf]
Tamassia R., Goodrich M.T., Vismara L., Handy M., Cohen R., Hudson B.,
Baker, R.S., Gelfand, N., Shubina G., Brandes U. (2001) JDSL: The Data
Structures Library in Java. Dr. Dobb's Journal and
Sourcebook, April 2001, 21-33.
BOOK CHAPTERS
Baker, R.S. (in press) Algorithmic Bias in Education and Steps Towards Fairness.
In A.S. Wells, E.N. Walker (Eds.) Learning and Thriving Across the Lifespan:
The 100-Year Intellectual Legacy of Professor Edmund Gordon.
[pdf]
Baker, R., Hawn, M.A., Lee, S. (2023). Algorithmic bias: the state of the situation and policy
recommendations, in OECD Digital Education Outlook 2023: Towards an Effective Digital Education
Ecosystem, OECD Publishing, Paris.
[preprint draft pdf]
Hutt, S., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Munshi, A., Andres, J.M.A.L., Karumbaiah, S., Slater, S.,
Biswas, G., Paquette, L., Bosch, N., van Velsen, M. (2023) Quick Red Fox: An App
Supporting a New Paradigm in Qualitative Research on AIED for STEM. In Ouyang,
F., Jiao, P., McLaren, B.M., Alavi, A.H. (Eds.) Artificial Intelligence in STEM Education: The
Paradigmatic Shifts in Research, Education, and Technology.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S. (2023) The Current Trade-off Between Privacy and Equity in Educational
Technology. In G. Brown III, C. Makridis (Eds.)
The Economics of Equity in K-12 Education: Necessary Programming, Policy, and Systemic Changes
to Improve the Economic Life Chances of American Students, pp. 123-138. Lanham, MD:
Rowman & Littlefield. [pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S., Bowers, A., Heffernan, N.T. (2022) Exploring
Selective College Attendance and Middle School Cognitive and Non-Cognitive
Factors within Computer-Based Math Learning. In Y. Wang, Joksimovic, S.,
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Way, J.D., Whitmer, J. (Eds.) Social and Emotional Learning:
An Inclusive Learning Analytics Perspective. Heidelberg: Springer.
[pdf]
Baker, R., Siemens, G. (2022) Educational data mining and learning analytics. In Sawyer, K. (Ed.)
Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences: 3rd Edition.
[preprint draft pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S. (2021) Knowledge Inference Models Used in Adaptive
Learning. In A.A. von Davier, R.J. Mislevy, J. Hao (Eds.) Computational Psychometrics: New
Methodologies for a New Generation of Digital Learning and Assessment. Berlin: Springer.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S. (2021) Artificial Intelligence in Education: Bringing It All Together.
In OECD Digital Education Outlook 2021: Pushing the frontiers with AI, blockchain,
and robotics, pp. 43-56. Paris, France: OECD Publishing. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J.L., Andres, J.M.A.L. (2020) BROMP Quantitative Field Observations:
A Review. In R. Feldman (Ed.) Learning Science: Theory, Research, and Practice, pp. 127-156. New York,
NY: McGraw-Hill. [pdf]
Owen, E., Baker, R.S. (2020) Learning Analytics for Games. In J. Plass, R. Mayer, B. Homer (Eds.)
Handbook of Game-Based Learning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
[pdf]
Rowe, E., Asbell-Clarke, J., Bardar, E., Almeda, M.V., Baker, R.S., Scruggs, R.,
Gasca, S. (2019) Advancing Research in Game-Based Learning Assessment: Tools and Methods for Measuring
Implicit Learning. In E. Kennedy, Y. Qian (Eds.) Advancing Educational Research With Emerging
Technology, pp. 99-123.
Ritter, S., Baker, R.S., Rus, V., Biswas, G. (2019) Identifying Strategies in Student Problem
Solving. In Sinatra, A.M., Graesser, A.C., Hu, X., Brawner, K., and Rus, V. (Eds.). Design
Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Volume 7 - Self-Improving Systems. Orlando,
FL: US Army CCDC, pp. 59-70. [pdf]
Hampton, A.J., Baker, R.S. (2019) Reports to Facilitate Improvements of Adaptive Instructional
Systems. In Sinatra, A.M., Graesser, A.C., Hu, X., Brawner, K., and Rus, V. (Eds.). Design
Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Volume 7 - Self-Improving Systems. Orlando,
FL: US Army CCDC, pp. 147-152. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Koedinger, K.R. (2018) Towards Demonstrating the Value of Learning Analytics.
In D. Niemi, R.E. Clark, B. Saxberg, R. Pea (Eds.) Learning Analytics in Education. Charlotte,
NC: Information Age Publishing.
Jiang, Y., Clarke-Midura, J., Baker, R.S., Paquette, L., Keller, B. (2018) How Immersive Virtual
Environments Foster Self-Regulated Learning. In Zheng, R. (Ed.) Digital Technologies and
Instructional Design for Personalized Learning, 28-54. [pdf]
Biswas, G., Baker, R.S., Paquette, L. (2017) Data Mining Methods for Assessing Self-Regulated
Learning. In D.H. Schunk, J.A. Greene (Eds.) Handbook of Self-Regulation
of Learning and Performance (2nd Edition).
Baker, R.S., Mitros, P., Goldberg, G., Sottilare, R.A. (2017) Assessing Individual Learner Performance
in MOOCs. In R.A. Sottilare, A. Graesser, X. Hu, G. Goodwin (Eds.) Design Recommendations for Intelligent
Tutoring Systems, Volume 5: Assessment Methods, pp. 85-96.[pdf]
LaMar, M., Baker, R.S., Greiff, S. (2017) Methods for Assessing Inquiry: Machine-learned and Theoretical Models.
In R.A. Sottilare, A. Graesser, X. Hu, G. Goodwin (Eds.) Design Recommendations for Intelligent
Tutoring Systems, Volume 5: Assessment Methods, pp. 137-154.[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Martin, T., Rossi, L.M. (2016) Educational Data Mining and Learning Analytics. In A.A. Rupp & J.P. Leighton (Eds.) Wiley Handbook of Cognition and Assessment: Frameworks, Methodologies, and Applications. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, pp.379-396.
Baker, R.S., Wang, Y., Paquette, L., Aleven, V., Popescu, O., Sewall, J., Rose, C., Tomar, G.,
Ferschke, O., Zhang, J., Cennamo, M., Ogden, S., Condit, T., Diaz, J., Crossley, S., McNamara,
D., Comer, D., Lynch, C., Brown, R., Barnes, T., Bergner, Y. (2016) A MOOC on Educational
Data Mining. In Zaiane, O., ElAtia, S., Ipperciel, D. (Eds.) Data Mining and Learning
Analytics in Educational Research. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S., Inventado, P. (2016) Educational Data Mining and Learning Analytics:
Potentials and Possibilities for Online Distance Education. In G. Veletsianos (Ed.) Emergence and Innovation
in Digital Learning: Foundations and Applications, 83-98.
Baker, R. (2016). Using learning analytics in personalized learning. In M. Murphy, S. Redding, & J. Twyman (Eds.),
Handbook on personalized learning for states, districts, and schools. pp. 165-174.
[pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S. (2016) Adaptive Learning. In McCarthy, M. (Ed.)
The Cambridge Guide to Blended Learning for Language Technologies, pp. 234-247.
Rowe, E., Asbell-Clarke, J., Baker, R.S. (2015) Serious Games Analysis to Measure Implicit Science Learning.
In C.S. Loh, Y. Sheng, D. Ifenthaler. Serious Games Analytics: Methodologies for Performance
Measurement, Assessment, and Improvement, pp. 343-362.
[prepub draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Inventado, P.S. (2014) Educational Data Mining and Learning Analytics.
In J.A. Larusson, B. White (Eds.) Learning Analytics: From Research to Practice.
Berlin, Germany: Springer.
[preprint draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Ocumpaugh, J. (2014) Interaction-Based Affect Detection in Educational Software.
In R.A. Calvo, S.K. D'Mello, J. Gratch, A. Kappas (Eds.),
The Oxford Handbook of Affective Computing. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Baker, R., Siemens, G. (2014) Educational data mining and learning analytics. In Sawyer, K. (Ed.) Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences: 2nd Edition, pp. 253-274. [preprint draft pdf]
DeFalco, J.A., Baker, R.S., D'Mello, S.K. (2014) Addressing Behavioral Disengagement in Online Learning. In Sottilare, R., Graesser, A., Hu, X., and Goldberg, B. (Eds.). Design Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Volume 2 - Instructional Management, pp. 49-56. Orlando, FL: U.S. Army Research Laboratory. [pdf]
D'Mello, S., Blanchard, N., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., Brawner, K. (2014) I Feel Your Pain: A Selective Review of Affect-Sensitive Instructional Strategies. In Sottilare, R., Graesser, A., Hu, X., and Goldberg, B. (Eds.). Design Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Volume 2 - Instructional Management, pp. 35-48. Orlando, FL: U.S. Army Research Laboratory. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Learning, Schooling, and Data Analytics. Handbook on Innovations in Learning for States, Districts, and Schools, pp.179-190. Philadelphia, PA: Center on Innovations in Learning.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Rossi, L.M. (2013) Assessing the Disengaged Behavior of Learners. In Sottilare, R., Graesser, A., Hu, X., & Holden, H. (Eds.) Design Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems -- Volume 1 -- Learner Modeling. U.S. Army Research Lab, Orlando, FL, pp. 155-166, 2013.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Roll, I., Koedinger, K.R., Aleven, V., Cocea, M., Hershkovitz, A., de Carvalho, A.M.J.B., Mitrovic, A., Mathews, M. (2013) Modeling and Studying Gaming the System with Educational Data Mining. In Azevedo, R., & Aleven, V. (Eds.) International Handbook of Metacognition and Learning Technologies. pp. 97-116. New York, NY: Springer.
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Comparing the Incidence and Persistence of Learners' Affect During Interactions with Different Educational Software Packages. Calvo, R.A., & D'Mello, S. (Eds.) New Perspectives on Affect and Learning Technologies, pp. 183-202. New York, NY: Springer.
Koedinger, K.R., Baker, R.S.J.d., Cunningham, K., Skogsholm, A., Leber, B., Stamper, J. (2010)
A Data Repository for the EDM community: The PSLC DataShop. In Romero, C., Ventura, S., Pechenizkiy, M., Baker, R.S.J.d.
(Eds.) Handbook of Educational Data Mining. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 43-56.
[pdf]
Romero, C., Ventura, S., Pechenizkiy, M., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2010) Introduction. In Romero, C., Ventura, S., Pechenizkiy, M., Baker, R.S.J.d. (Eds.) Handbook of Educational Data Mining. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 1-8.
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2010) Mining Data for Student Models. In Nkmabou, R., Mizoguchi, R., & Bourdeau, J. (Eds.) Advances in Intelligent Tutoring Systems, pp. 323-338. Secaucus, NJ: Springer. [draft pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2010) Data Mining for Education. In McGaw, B., Peterson, P., Baker, E. (Eds.) International Encyclopedia of Education (3rd edition), vol. 7, pp. 112-118. Oxford, UK: Elsevier. [draft pdf]
Koedinger, K., Aleven, V., Roll, I., Baker, R. (2009) In vivo experiments on whether supporting metacognition in intelligent tutoring systems yields robust learning. Graesser, A., Hacker, D. (Eds.), Handbook of Metacognition in Education, 383-412.[draft pdf]
EDITED BOOKS
Romero, C., Ventura, S., Pechenizkiy, M., Baker, R.S.J.d. (Eds.) Handbook of Educational Data Mining. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP FULL PAPERS
Zambrano, A.F., Baker, R.S. (in press) Long-Term Prediction from Topic-Level Knowledge and Engagement.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24).
[pdf]
Zambrano, A.F., Zhang, J., Baker, R.S. (in press) Investigating Algorithmic Bias on Bayesian Knowledge Tracing and Carelessness Detectors.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24). [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
Hutt, S., DePiro, A., Wang, J., Rhodes, S., Baker, R.S., Hieb, G., Sethuraman, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Mills, C. (in press) Feedback on Feedback: Comparing Classic Natural Language Processing and Generative AI to Evaluate Peer Feedback.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24).
[pdf]
Belitz, C., Lee, H., Nasiar, N., Fancsali, S., Ritter, S., Almoubayyed, H., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Bosch, N. (in press) Hierarchical Dependencies in Classroom Settings Influence Algorithmic Bias Metrics.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24).
[pdf]
Cloude, E.B., Kumar, P., Baker, R.S., Fouh, E. (in press) Novice programmers inaccurately monitor the quality of their work and their peers' work in an introductory computer science course.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24).
[pdf]
Cloude, E.B., Munshi, A., Andres, J.M.A.L., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Biswas, G. (in press)
Exploring Confusion and Frustration as Non-linear Dynamical Systems.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK24).
[pdf]
Borchers, C., Zhang, J., Baker, R.S., Aleven, A. (in press) Using Think-Aloud Data to Understand
Relations between Self-Regulation Cycle Characteristics and Student Performance in Intelligent
Tutoring Systems. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and
Knowledge (LAK24). [pdf]
Cloude, E.B., Zhang, J., Baker, R.S., Fouh, E. (in press) Procrastination vs. Active Delay: How
Students Prepare to Code in Introductory Programming.
Proceedings of the SIGCSE Technical Symposium 2024.
[pdf]
Nawaz, S., Mayle, K., Martens, G., Stein, R., Baker, R.S. (2023) Question Dosage in MOOCs - An Empirical Investigation. Proceedings of ASCILITE 2023: 40th
International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational
Technologies in Tertiary Education. [pdf]
Pankiewicz, M., Baker, R.S. (2023) Large Language Models (GPT) for automating feedback on
programming assignments. Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on
Computers in Education. [Nominated for Best Paper]
[pdf]
Maier, C., Slavin, I., Baker, R.S., Stalzer, S. (2023) Studying Memory Decay and Spacing
within Knowledge Tracing. Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on
Computers in Education. [pdf]
Zambrano, A.F., Liu, X., Barany, A., Baker, R.S., Kim, J., Nasiar, N. (2023) From nCoder to
ChatGPT: From Automated Coding to Refining Human Coding. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Quantitative Ethnography. [Nominated for Best Student Paper]
[pdf]
Scianna, J., Liu, X., Slater, S., Baker, R.S. (2023) A Case for (Inter)Action: The Role of Log
Data in QE. Proceedings of the International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography.
[pdf]
Liu, X., Hussein, B., Barany, A., Baker, R.S., Chen, B. (2023) Decoding Player Behavior:
Analyzing Reasons for Player Quitting Using Log Data from Puzzle Game Baba Is You.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography.
[pdf]
Zambrano, A.F., Baker, R.S., Lan, A. (2023) Active Learning for a Classroom Observer who
Can't Time Travel. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on What's Next in Affect
Modeling?, International Conference on Affective Computing + Intelligent Interaction.
[pdf]
Andres-Bray, J.M., Hutt, S., Baker, R.S. (2023) Exploring Cross-Country Prediction Model
Generalizability in MOOCs. Proceedings of Learning@Scale 2023.
[Nominated for Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
van Stee, E.G., Heath, T., Baker, R.S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Ocumpaugh, J. (2023)
Help Seekers vs. Help Accepters: Understanding Student Engagement with a Mentor Agent.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education.
[pdf]
Cloude, E., Baker, R.S., Fouh, E. (2023) Online help-seeking occurring in multiple computer-mediated conversations
affects grades in an introductory programming course. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge. [pdf]
Wong, A.Y., Bryck, R.L., Baker, R.S., Hutt, S., Mills, C. (2023)
Using a Webcam Based Eye-tracker to Understand Students'
Thought Patterns and Reading Behaviors in Neurodivergent
Classrooms. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge. [pdf]
Rodrigues, T.B.S.F., de Souza, J.F., Bernardino, H.S., Baker, R.S. (2022) Towards
Interpretability of Attention-Based Knowledge Tracing Models. Anais do 33a Simpósio
Brasileiro de Informática na Educação. [pdf]
Gagnon, D., Baker, R.S., Swanson, L., Spevecek, N., Andres, J.M.A.L., Harpstead, E., Scianna,
J., Slater, S., & San Pedro, M.O.C.Z. (2022). Exploring players' experience of humor and snark
in a grade 3-6 history practices game. GLS 13.0 Conference Proceedings.
[pdf]
Thai, K-P., Owen, V.E., Baker, R.S. (2022) Predicting Transfer in a Game-Based Adaptive
Instructional System. Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the Learner Data Institute.
[pdf]
Zhang, J., Andres, J.M.A.L., Hutt, S., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Mills, C.,
Brooks, J., Sethuraman, S., Young, T. (2022)
Detecting SMART Model Cognitive Operations in Mathematical Problem-Solving Process.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Data
Mining. [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
Nasiar, N., Baker, R.S., Li, J., Gong, W. (2022) How do A/B Testing and secondary data
analysis on AIED systems influence future research? Proceedings of the 23rd International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 115-126.
[pdf]
Wang, K., Ma, Z., Baker, R.S., Li, Y. (2022) Iterative Refinement of an
AIS Rewards System. Proceedings of the Adaptive Instructional
Systems Conference. [pdf]
Zhang, J., Cunningham, T., Iyer, R., Baker, R., Fouh, E. (2022) Exploring the impact of
voluntary practice and procrastination in an introductory programming course.
Proceedings of SIGCSE 2022: ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education.
[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R.S., Tao, Y., Liu, Z. (2022) How does Students' Affect in Virtual Learning Relate to Their
Outcomes? A Systematic Review Challenging the
Positive-Negative Dichotomy. In Proceedings of the 12th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge
Conference, 24-33. [pdf]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Hutt, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Nasiar, N., Porter, C. (2021) How
Anxiety Affects Affect: A Quantitative Ethnographic Investigation using Affect Detectors and
Data-Targeted Interviews. Proceedings of the International Conference on
Quantitative Ethnography.[pdf]
Fouh, E., Lee, W., Baker, R. (2021) Nudging students to reduce procrastination in office hours
and forums. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Information
Visualization.[pdf]
Richey, J.E., Zhang, J., Das, R., Andres-Bray, J.M., Scruggs, R., Mogessie, M., Baker, R.S.,
McLaren, B.M. (2021) Gaming and Confrustion Explains Learning Advantages for a Math
Digital Learning Game. Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Education. [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Nasiar, N., Ocumpaugh, J.L., Hutt, S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Slater, S., Schofield, M.,
Moore, A., Paquette, L., Munshi, A., Biswas, G. (2021) Affect-Targeted Interviews for
Understanding Student Frustration. Proceedings of the International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence and Education. [Won Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
Adjei, S., Baker, R.S., Bahel, V. (2021) Seven-year Longitudinal Implications of Wheel
Spinning and Productive Persistence. Proceedings of the International Conference
on Artificial Intelligence and Education.
[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Lan, A., Nagpal, S., Baker, R.S., Botelho, A., Heffernan, N. (2021)
Using Past Data to Warm Start Active Machine Learning: Does Context Matter?
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 151-160.
[pdf] [Nominated for
Best Paper Award]
Kia, F.S., Hatala, M., Baker, R.S., Teasley, S.D. (2021) Measuring Students' Self-Regulatory
Phases in LMS with Behavior and Real-Time Self Report.
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 259-268.
[pdf]
Bosch, N., Zhang, Y., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Biswas, G. (2021) Students'
Verbalized Metacognition during Computerized Learning. Proceedings of ACM
SIGCHI: Computer-Human Interaction.[pdf]
Shah, M., Snow, E., Baker, R.S., Gouveia, C. (2021) The Impact of HESI Compass on Nursing
Students' Readiness for the NCLEX-RN. Paper presented at the American Educational Research
Association.[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R.S. (2020) Studying Affect Dynamics using Epistemic Networks.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography, 362-374.
[pdf] [Nominated for
Best Student Paper Award]
Paquette, L., Grant, T., Zhang, Y., Biswas, G., Baker, R.S. (2020) Using epistemic networks to
analyze self-regulated learning in an open-ended problem-solving environment.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography, 185-201.
[pdf]
Scruggs, R., Baker, R.S., McLaren, B.M. (2020) Extending Deep Knowledge Tracing:
Inferring Interpretable Knowledge and Predicting Post System Performance.
Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
[Nominated for
Best Student Paper Award] [Nominated for Best Technical Design Award]
Presnall, B., Baker, R.S. (2020) Mapping e-Learning Preparation to Training Objectives in a
Multinational Exercise: A Q-Matrix Approach. Proceedings of the
Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education Conference.
Nawaz, S., Srivastava, N. Yu, J.H., Baker, R.S., Kennedy, G., Bailey, J. (2020) Analysis of
Task Difficulty Sequences in a Simulation-based POE Environment. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education , 423-436.
[pdf] [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Munshi, A., Mishra, S., Zhang, N., Paquette, L., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Biswas, G. (2020)
Modeling the Relationships between Basic and Achievement Emotions in Computer-Based
Learning Environments. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education, 411-422.
[pdf]
Wang, Y., Kai, S., Baker, R. (2020) Early Detection of Wheel-Spinning in ASSISTments.
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 574-585.
[pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Karumbaiah, S., Crossley, S., Labrum, M. (2020) Affective
Sequences and Student Actions within Reasoning Mind.
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education, 437-444.
[pdf]
Henderson, N., Rowe, J., Paquette, L., Baker, R., Lester, J. (2020) Improving Affect Detection
in Game-Based Learning with Multimodal Data Fusion.
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education, 228-239.
[pdf]
Baker, R., Ma, W., Zhao, Y., Wang, S., Ma, Z. (2020) The Results of Implementing Zone of Proximal Development on Learning Outcomes.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 749-753.
[pdf]
Agarwal, D., Baker, R.S., Muraleedharan, A. (2020) Dynamic knowledge tracing through data driven recency weights.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 725-729.
[pdf]
Jiang, Y., Almeda, M.V., Kai, S., Baker, R.S., Ostrow, K., Inventado, P.S., Scupelli, P. (2020)
Single Template vs. Multiple Templates: Examining the Effects of Problem Format on
Performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Learning
Sciences. [pdf]
Zhang, Y., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Bosch, N., Munshi, A., Biswas, G.
(2020) The relationship between confusion and metacognitive strategies in
Betty's Brain. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 276-284.
[pdf]
Molenaar, I., Horvers, A., Dijkstra, R., Baker, R. (2020) Personalized Visualizations to
Promote Young Learners' SRL. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 330-339. [pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R.S., Barany, A., Shute, V. (2019)
Using Epistemic Networks with Automated Codes to Understand Why Players Quit Levels in a Learning Game.
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography,
106-116. [pdf]
Almeda, M.V., Rowe, E., Asbell-Clarke, J., Scruggs, R., Baker, R., Bardar, E., Gasca, S. (2019) Modeling Implicit Computational Thinking in Zoombinis Mudball Wall Puzzle Gameplay.
To appear in Proceedings of the 2019 Technology, Mind, and Society Conference.
[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2019) The Case of Self-Transitions in Affective
Dynamics. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence in Education, 172-181. [pdf]
Richey, J.E., McLaren, B.M., Andres-Bray, J.M.L., Mogessie, M., Scruggs, R., Baker, R.S., Star,
J.R. (2019) Confrustion in Learning from Erroneous Examples: Does Type of Prompted
Self-Explanation Make a Difference? Proceedings of the 20th International Conference
on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 445-457. [pdf]
Henderson, N., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Brawner, K., Baker, R., Lester, J. (2019) 4D Affect
Detection: Improving Frustration Detection in Game-based Learning with Posture-based
Temporal Data Fusion. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education, 144-156. [pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S. (2019) The Influence of School Demographics on
the Relationship Between Students' Help-Seeking Behavior and Performance and Motivational
Measures. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data
Mining, 99-108. [pdf]
Gardner, J., Yang, Y., Baker, R., Brooks, C. (2019) Modeling and Experimental Design for
MOOC Dropout Prediction: A Replication Perspective. Proceedings of the 12th
International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 49-58. [pdf]
Yang, T-Y., Studer, C., Baker, R., Heffernan, N., Lan, A. (2019) Active Learning for Student
Affect Detection. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 208-217. [pdf]
Joksimovic, S., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Andres, J.M.L., Tot, I., Wang, E.Y., Dawson, S. (2019)
Automated Identification of Verbally Abusive Behaviors in Online Discussions. Proceedings of the
3rd Workshop on Abusive Language Online, 36-45. [pdf]
Aleven, V., Sewall, J., Andres-Bray, J.M., Popescu, O., Sottilare, R., Long, R., Baker, R. (2019) Towards Deeper Integration of Intelligent Tutoring Systems: One-way Student Model
Sharing between GIFT and CTAT. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Generalized
Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Users Symposium.
[pdf]
Crossley, S., Karumbaiah, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Labrum, M.J., Baker, R.S. (2019)
Predicting Math Success in an Online Tutoring System Using Language Data and Click-Stream
Variables: A Longitudinal Analysis. Proceedings of the 2nd Biennial Conference on Language, Data and Knowledge (LDK 2019). [pdf]
Gardner, J., Brooks, C., Baker, R. (2019) Evaluating the Fairness of Predictive Student
Models Through Slicing Analysis. Proceedings
of the 9th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 225-234.
[pdf]
[Won Best Paper Award]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Slater, S., Paquette, S.,
Jiang, Y., Bosch, N., Munshi, A., Moore, A., Biswas, G. (2019)
Affect Sequences and Learning in Betty's Brain. Proceedings
of the 9th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 383-390.
[pdf]
Molenaar, I., Horvers, A., Dijkstra, R., Baker, R. (2019) Towards Hybrid Human-System Regulation: Understanding Children' SRL Support Needs in Blended Classrooms.
Proceedings
of the 9th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 471-480.[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Labrum, M.J., Baker, R.S. (2019)
Temporally Rich Features Capture Variable Performance Associated with
Elementary Students' Lower Math Self-concept. Proceedings of the
Workshop on Social-Emotional Learning at the 9th International Learning Analytics
and Knowledge Conference. [pdf]
Molenaar, I., Horvers, A., Dijkstra, R., Baker, R. (2019) Designing Dashboards
to Support Learners' Self-Regulated Learning. Companion Proceedings
of the 9th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference.
[pdf]
Gardner, J., Andres-Bray, M., Brooks, C., Baker, R. (2018) MORF: A Framework for
Predictive Modeling and Replication at Scale With Privacy-Restricted MOOC Data.
Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Open Science in Big Data.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Gowda, S.M., Salamin, E. (2018) Modeling the Learning That Takes Place
Between Online Assessments. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference
on Computers in Education, 21-28.[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Botelho, A.F., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2018)
The Implications of a Subtle Difference in the Calculation of Affect Dynamics.
Proceedings of the 26th International Conference
on Computers in Education, 29-38.[pdf]
[Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Munshi, A., Rajendran, R., Ocumpaugh, J., Biswas, G., Baker, R., Paquette, L. (2018)
Modeling Learners' Cognitive and Affective States to Scaffold SRL in Open-Ended Learning
Environments. Proceedings of the 25th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation,
and Personalization, 131-138.[pdf]
Botelho, A.F., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., Heffernan, N. (2018) Studying Affect Dynamics and
Chronometry Using Sensor-Free Detectors. Proceedings of the 11th International
Conference on Educational Data Mining, 157-166.[pdf]
[Won Best Student Paper Award] [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R.S., Shute, V. (2018) Predicting Quitting in Students Playing a
Learning Game. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 21-31.[pdf] [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Crossley, S. Ocumpaugh, J., Labrum, M., Bradfield, F., Dascalu, M., Baker, R. (2018)
Modeling Math Identity and Math Success Through Sentiment Analysis and Linguistic Features.
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 11-20.
[pdf]
Agarwal, D., Babel, N., Baker, R. (2018) Contextual Derivation of Stable BKT Parameters for
Analysing Content Efficacy. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 596-601.[pdf]
Gardner, J., Brooks, C., Andres, J.M., Baker, R. (2018) Replicating MOOC Predictive Models
at Scale. Proceedings of the 4th Annual ACM Conference on Learning at Scale, Article Number
1. [pdf]
Jiang, Y., Bosch, N., Baker, R., Paquette, L., Ocumpaugh, J., Andres, J.M.A.L., Moore, A.L.,
Biswas, G. (2018) Expert Feature-Engineering vs. Deep Neural Networks: Which is Better for
Sensor-Free Affect Detection? Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on
Artificial Intelligence in Education, 198-211.[corrected pdf]
[erratum] [Won Best Student Paper Award] [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Okur, E., Aslan, S., Alyuz, N., Esme, A.A., Baker, R.S. (2018) Role of Socio-Cultural
Differences in Labeling Students' Affective States. Proceedings of the 19th
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 367-380.
[pdf]
Mojarad, S., Mojarad, S., Essa, A., Baker, R. (2018) Data-Driven Learner Profiling Based on
Clustering Student Behaviors: Learning Consistency, Pace, and Effort. Proceedings
of the 14th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 130-139.
[pdf]
Aslan, S., Okur, E., Alyuz, N., Esme, A.A., Baker, R.S. (2018) Human Expert Labeling
Process: Valence-Arousal Labeling for Students' Affective States. Proceedings of
the 8th International Conference in Methodologies and Intelligent Systems for Technology
Enhanced Learning.[pdf]
Baker, R., Coleman, C. (2018) Standardizing Modeling of User Behaviors: Which Behaviors
Matter? Proceedings of the Adaptive Instructional Systems Standards Workshop.
[pdf]
Andres, J.M.L., Baker, R.S., Gasevic, D., Siemens, G., Crossley, S.A., Joksimovic, S.(2018)
Studying MOOC Completion at Scale Using the MOOC Replication Framework. In Proceedings of the International
Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 71-78.[pdf]
Mojarad, S., Essa, A., Mojarad, S., Baker, R. (2018) Studying Adaptive Learning Efficacy using Propensity Score Matching.
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge. [pdf]
Botelho, A.F., Baker, R., Heffernan, N. (2017) Improving Sensor-Free Affect Detection Using Deep Learning. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence in Education, 40-51. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Andres, J.M.L., Baker, R., DeFalco, J., Paquette, L., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Lester, J., Georgoulas, V., Brawner, K., Sottilare, R. (2017) Affect Dynamics in Military Trainees.
Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 238-249.
[pdf]
Paquette, L., Baker, R.S. (2017) Variations of Gaming Behaviors Across Populations of Students and Across Learning Environments. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 274-286.
[pdf]
Riedesel, M.A., Zimmerman, N., Baker, R., Titchener, T., Cooper, J. (2017) Using a model for learning and memory to simulate learner response in spaced practice. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 644-649.
[pdf]
Kai, S., Andres, J.M.L., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Molnar, K., Watkins, H., Moore, M. (2017)
Predicting Student Retention from Behavior in an Online Orientation Course. Proceedings
of the 10th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 250-255. [pdf]
Crossley, S., Dascalu, M., McNamara, D., Baker, R., Trausan-Matu, S. (2017) Predicting
Success in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) Using Cohesion Network Analysis.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning,
103-110. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Slater, S., San Pedro, M.O., Heffernan, N, Heffernan, C., Hawn, A. (2017) Guidance Counselor Reports of the Assistments College Prediction Model (ACPM).
Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 479-488.
[pdf]
[Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Wang, Y.E., Baker, R., Paquette, L. (2017) Behavioral Predictors of MOOC Post-Course
Development. Proceedings of the Workshop on Integrated Learning Analytics of
MOOC Post-Course Development. [pdf]
Brooks, C., Baker, R., Andres, J.M.L. (2017) Infrastructure for Replication in Learning
Analytics. Proceedings of the Workshop of the Methodology in Learning Analytics
Bloc.[pdf]
Aleven, V., Baker, R., Blomberg, N., Andres, J.M., Sewall, J., Wang, Y., Popescu, O.
(2017) Integrating MOOCs and Intelligent Tutoring Systems: edX, GIFT, and CTAT.
Proceedings of the GIFT Users Symposium (GIFTSym). [pdf]
Slater, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Scupelli, P., Inventado, P.S., Heffernan, N. (2016)
Semantic Features of Math Problems: Relationships to Student Learning and Engagement.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining., 223-230. [pdf]
Ma, Y., Agnihotri, L., Baker, R., Mojarad, S. (2016) Effect of student ability and question difficulty on duration.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining., 135-142. [pdf]
[Named Exemplary Paper]
Liu, Z., Brown, R., Lynch, C., Barnes, T., Baker, R., Bergner, Y., McNamara, D. (2016) MOOC Learner Behaviors by
Country and Culture: an Exploratory Analysis. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 127-134. [pdf] [erratum]
Eagle, M., Corbett, A., Stamper, J., McLaren, B., Baker, R.S. (2016) Predicting Individual Differences for
Learner Modeling in Intelligent Tutors from Previous Learner Activities. Proceedings of the 24th
Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 55-63. [pdf] [Won Best Paper Award]
Bosch, N., D'Mello, S. K., Baker, R. S., Ocumpaugh, J., Shute, V. J., Ventura, M., Wang, L., & Zhao, W. (2016)
Detecting student emotions in computer-enabled classrooms. Proceedings of the 25th International Joint
Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2016), 4125-4129. [pdf]
DeFalco, J.A., Georgoulas, V., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Lester, J. (2016) Motivational
Feedback Messages as Interventions to Frustration in GIFT. Proceedings of the GIFT Users Symposium
(GIFTSym). [pdf]
D'Mello, S.K., Bosch, N., Kai, S., Paquette, L., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., Shute, V.J. (2016) Automatic Objective
Measurement of Student Emotions in Computer-Enabled Classrooms. Paper presented at the 2016 Annual Meeting of the
American Educational Research Association.
Crossley, S., Paquette, L., Dascalu, M., McNamara, D., Baker, R. (2016) Combining Click- Stream Data with NLP Tools to Better Understand MOOC Completion. Proceedings
of the 6th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 6-14.
[pdf]
Zhu, M., Bergner, Y., Zhang, Y., Baker, R., Wang, Y., Paquette, L. (2016)
Longitudinal Engagement, Performance, and Social
Connectivity: a MOOC Case Study Using Exponential Random
Graph Models, Proceedings of the 6th International Learning Analytics
& Knowledge Conference, 223-230.
[pdf]
Bosch, N., Chen, H., Baker, R., Shute, V., D'Mello, S. (2015) Accuracy vs.
Availability Heuristic in Multimodal Affect Detection in the Wild.
Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 267-274.
[pdf]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Andres, J.M.L., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S., Beck, J.B.
(2015) An investigation of eureka and the affective states surrounding eureka moments.
Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Salvi, A. van Velsen, M.,
Aghababyan, A., Martin, T. (2015). HART: The Human Affect Recording
Tool. Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on the Design of
Communication (SIGDOC).[pdf]
Paquette, L., Rowe, J., Baker, R.S., Mott, B., Lester, J., DeFalco, J.,
Brawner, K., Sottilare, R., Georgoulas, V. (2015) Sensor-Free or
Sensor-Full: A Comparison of Data Modalities in Multi-Channel Affect
Detection. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference
on Educational Data Mining, 93-100.[pdf]
Kai, S., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Bosch, N., D'Mello, S., Ocumpaugh, J.,
Shute, V., Ventura, M. (2015) A Comparison of Video-based and
Interaction-based Affect Detectors in Physics Playground.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational Data Mining
, 77-84. [pdf][Won Best Student Paper Award] [Nominated for Best Paper Award]
Jiang, Y., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Clarke-Midura, J. (2015) Comparing Novice and
Experienced Students in Virtual Performance Assessments. Proceedings of the 8th
International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 136-143.
[pdf]
San Pedro, M.O., Snow, E., Baker, R.S., McNamara, D., Heffernan, N. (2015) Exploring
Dynamic Assessments of Affect, Behavior, and Cognition and Math State Test Achievement.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 85-92.
[pdf]
Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., de Carvalho, A., Ocumpaugh, J. (2015) Cross-System Transfer of
Machine Learned and Knowledge Engineered Models of Gaming the System.
Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and
Personalization, 183-194.[pdf]
Bosch, N., D'Mello, S., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., & Shute, V. (2015). Temporal
Generalizability of Face-Based Affect Detection in Noisy Classroom Environments.
Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 44-53.
[pdf][Won Best Paper Award]
Brown, R., Lynch, C., Wang, Y., Eagle, M., Albert, J., Barnes, T., Baker, R.,
Bergner, Y., McNamara, D. (2015) Communities of Performance & Communities
of Preference. Proceedings of the Graph Analytics Workshop at the International
Educational Data Mining (EDM) Conference. [pdf]
Andres, J.M., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R., Paquette, L., Shute, V.,
Ventura, M. (2015) Analyzing Student Action Sequences and Affect
While Playing Physics Playground. Proceedings of the
International Workshop on Affect, Meta-Affect, Data and Learning.
[pdf]
Kovanovic, V., Gasevic, D., Dawson, S., Joksimovic, S., Baker, R.S., Hatala, M.
(2015) Penetrating the Black Box of Time-on-task Estimation.
Proceedings of the 5th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge
Conference, 184-193. [pdf] [Won Best Technical Paper Award]
Bosch, N., D'Mello, S., Baker, R., Ocumpaugh, J., Shute, V., Ventura, M., Wang, L., Zhao, W. (2015) Automatic Detection of Learning-Centered
Affective States in the Wild. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 2015), 379-388.
[pdf] [Honorable
Mention for Best Paper Award]
Asbell-Clarke, J., Rowe, E., Bardar, E., Eagle, M., Brown, R., Baker, R., Barnes, T.,
Edwards, T. (2015) Leveling Up: Measuring and Leveraging Implicit STEM Learning in Games.
Paper presented at the 11th Annual Conference on Games+Learning+Society.[pdf]
Baker, R.S., DeFalco, J.A., Paquette, L., Georgoulas, V., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Lester, J. (2015)
Motivational Feedback Designs for Frustration in a Simulation-based Combat Medic Training
Environment. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual GIFT Users Symposium, 81-88. [pdf]
Miller, W.L., Baker, R.S., Labrum, M.J., Petsche, K., Wagner, A.Z. (2014) Boredom Across
Activites, and Across the Year, within Reasoning Mind. Proceedings of the
Workshop on Data Mining for Educational Assessment and Feedback.
[pdf]
Paquette, L., de Carvalho, A.M.J.A., Baker, R.S. (2014) Towards Understanding Expert Coding of Student Disengagement in Online Learning. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Cognitive Science Conference, 1126-1131. [pdf]
Bazaldua, D.A.L., Baker, R.S., San Pedro, M.O.Z. (2014) Combining Expert and Metric-Based Assessments of Association Rule Interestingness. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 44-51. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J., Gowda, S.M., Kamarainen, A., Metcalf, S.J. (2014) Extending Log-Based Affect Detection to a Multi-User Virtual Environment for Science. To appear in Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on User Modelling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 290-300.[corrected pdf] [erratum]
Sao Pedro, M., Jiang, Y., Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Gobert, J. (2014) Identifying Transfer of Inquiry Skills across Physical Science Simulations using Educational Data Mining. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the Learning Sciences.[pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Kamarainen, A.M., Metcalf, S.J. (2014) Modifying Field Observation Methods on the Fly: Metanarrative and Disgust in an Environmental MUVE. Proceedings of PALE 2013: The 4th International Workshop on Personalization Approaches in Learning Environments, 49-54.[corrected pdf] [erratum]
Paquette, L., Baker, R.S., Sao Pedro, M.A., Gobert, J.D., Rossi, L., Nakama, A., Kauffman-Rogoff, Z. (2014) Sensor-Free Affect Detection for a Simulation-Based Science Inquiry Learning Environment. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 1-10.[pdf]
Sao Pedro, M., Gobert, J., Baker, R. (2014) The Impacts of Automatic Scaffolding on Students' Acquisition of Data Collection Inquiry Skills. Paper presented at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association.[pdf]
Baker, R.S., DeFalco, J.A., Ocumpaugh, J., Paquette, L. (2014) Towards Detection of Engagement and Affect in a Simulation-based Combat Medic Training Environment. Paper presented at 2nd Annual GIFT User Symposium (GIFTSym2).[pdf]
Hawkins, W., Heffernan, N., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Which is more responsible for boredom in intelligent tutoring systems: students (trait) or problems (state)? Proceedings of the 5th biannual Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction. [pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S.J.d., Bowers, A.J., Heffernan, N.T. (2013) Predicting College Enrollment from Student Interaction with an Intelligent Tutoring System in Middle School. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 177-184. [pdf][erratum]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Corbett, A.T. (2013) Predicting Future Learning Better Using Quantitative Analysis of Moment-by-Moment Learning. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 74-81. [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J.D. (2013) Incorporating Scaffolding and Tutor Context into Bayesian Knowledge Tracing to Predict Inquiry Skill Acquisition. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 185-192. [pdf]
Liu, Z., Pataranutaporn, V., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Sequences of Frustration and Confusion, and Learning. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 114-120. [pdf]
Hawkins, W., Heffernan, N.T., Wang, Y., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Extending the Assistance Model: Analyzing the Use of Assistance over Time. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 59-66. [pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Heffernan, N.T. (2013) Towards an Understanding of Affect and Knowledge from Student Interaction with an Intelligent Tutoring System. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 41-50. [pdf]
Doddannara, L., Gowda, S., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S., de Carvalho, A.M.J.B (2013) Exploring the relationships between design, students’ affective states, and disengaged behaviors within an ITS. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 31-40.[pdf]
Corbett, A., MacLaren, B., Wagner, A., Kauffman, L., Mitchell, A., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Differential Impact of Learning Activities Designed to
Support Robust Learning in the Genetics Cognitive Tutor. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 319-328.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Clarke-Midura, J. (2013) Predicting Successful Inquiry Learning in a Virtual Performance Assessment for Science. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 203-214.[pdf]
DeFalco, J.A., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2013) Detection and Transition Analysis of Engagement and Affect in a Simulation-based Combat Medic Training Environment. AIED 2013 Workshop on GIFT. [pdf]
Pardos, Z.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., San Pedro, M.O.C.Z., Gowda, S.M., Gowda, S.M. (2013) Affective states and state tests: Investigating how affect throughout the school year predicts end of year learning outcomes. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 117-124.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S., Corbett, A., Ocumpaugh, J. (2012) Towards Automatically
Detecting Whether Student Learning is Shallow. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 444-453. [Won Best Paper Award] [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J. (2012) Improving Construct Validity Yields Better Models of Systematic Inquiry, Even with Less Information. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (UMAP 2012),249-260. [Won James Chen Best Student Paper Award] [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M.A., Gobert, J., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012) The
Development and Transfer of Data Collection Inquiry Skills across
Physical Science Microworlds. Paper presented at the American
Educational Research Association Conference.[pdf] [Won Best Student Paper Award, AERA SIG-ATL]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Wixon, M., Kalka, J., Wagner, A.Z., Salvi, A., Aleven, V., Kusbit, G., Ocumpaugh, J., Rossi, L. (2012) Towards Sensor-free Affect Detection in Cognitive Tutor Algebra. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 126-133.[pdf] [A' erratum] [also note: this paper was previously listed on this page with an incorrect title]
Ogan, A., Walker, E., Baker, R.S.J.d., de Carvalho, A., Laurentino, T., Rebolledo-Mendez, G., Castro, M.J. (2012) Collaboration in Cognitive Tutor Use in Latin America: Field Study and Design Recommendations. Proceedings of ACM SIGCHI: Computer-Human Interaction, 1381-1390. [pdf]
Wixon, M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Ocumpaugh, J., Bachmann, M. (2012) WTF? Detecting Students who are Conducting Inquiry Without Thinking Fastidiously. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (UMAP 2012), 286-298.[pdf] [A' erratum]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Nakama, A. (2012) A Data-driven Path Model of
Student Attributes, Affect, and Engagement in a Computer-based Science Inquiry Microworld. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Learning Sciences.[pdf]
Gowda, S., Pardos, Z., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012) Content Learning Analysis Using the Moment-By-Moment Learning Detector. Proceedings of the International Conference on
Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 434-443.[pdf]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Kauffman-Rogoff, Z., Wixon, M. (2012) Student Attributes, Affective States, and Engagement in Science Inquiry Microworlds. Paper presented at The European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction (EARLI) SIG 20 Conference.
Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S., Corbett, A.T. (2011) Towards predicting future transfer of learning. Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 23-30. [pdf] [Finalist for Best Paper Award]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M., Corbett, A.T. (2011) Automatically Detecting a Student's Preparation for Future Learning: Help Use is Key. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 179-188.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Moore, G., Wagner, A., Kalka, J., Karabinos, M., Ashe, C., Yaron, D. (2011) The Dynamics Between Student Affect and Behavior Occuring Outside of Educational Software. Proceedings of the 4th bi-annual International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction.[pdf]
Lee, D.M., Rodrigo, M.M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Sugay, J., Coronel, A. (2011) Exploring the Relationship Between Novice Programmer Confusion and Achievement. Proceedings of the 4th bi-annual International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction.[pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.C., Rodrigo, M.M., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) The Relationship between Carelessness and Affect in a Cognitive Tutor. Proceedings of the 4th bi-annual International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction.[pdf]
Gowda, S., Baker, R.S.J.d., Pardos, Z., Heffernan, N. (2011) The Sum is Greater than the Parts: Ensembling Student Knowledge Models in ASSISTments. Proceedings of the KDD 2011 Workshop on KDD in Educational Data.[pdf]
Corbett, A., MacLaren, B., Wagner, A., Kauffman, L., Mitchell, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M. (2011) Preparing Students for Effective Explaining of Worked Examples in the Genetics Tutor. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 1476-1481.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Pardos, Z., Gowda, S., Nooraei, B., Heffernan, N. (2011) Ensembling Predictions of Student Knowledge within Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Proceedings of 19th International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 13-24.[pdf]
Pardos, Z. A., Gowda, S. M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Heffernan, N. T. (2011) Ensembling Predictions of Student Post-Test Scores for an Intelligent Tutoring System. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 189-198.[pdf]
Gowda, S.M., Rowe, J.P., Baker, R.S.J.d., Chi, M., Koedinger, K.R. (2011) Improving Models of Slipping, Guessing, and Moment-by-Moment Learning with Estimates of Skill Difficulty. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 199-208.[pdf]
Nooraei, B.B., Pardos, Z.A., Heffernan, N.T., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Less is More: Improving the Speed and Prediction Power of Knowledge Tracing by Using Less Data. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 101-109.[pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.C., Baker, R., Rodrigo, M.M. (2011) Detecting Carelessness through Contextual Estimation of Slip Probabilities among Students Using an Intelligent Tutor for Mathematics. Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 304-311.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Gowda, S.M., Wagner, A.Z., MacLaren, B.M., Kauffman, L.R., Mitchell, A.P., Giguere, S. (2010) Contextual Slip and Prediction of Student Performance After Use of an Intelligent Tutor. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 52-63. [pdf] [Finalist for Best Paper Award]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Mitrovic, A., Mathews, M. (2010) Detecting Gaming the System in Constraint-Based Tutors. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 267-278.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Goldstein, A.B., Heffernan, N.T. (2010) Detecting the Moment of Learning. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 25-34. [pdf] [People's Choice Award for Best Oral Presentation] [Finalist for Best Paper Award]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Gowda, S.M. (2010) An Analysis of the Differences in the Frequency of
Students' Disengagement in Urban, Rural, and Suburban High Schools. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 11-20. [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M. A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Montalvo, O., Nakama, A., Gobert, J.D. (2010) Using Text Replay Tagging to Produce Detectors of Systematic Experimentation Behavior Patterns. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 181-190. [pdf]
Montalvo, O., Baker, R.S.J.d., Sao Pedro, M.A., Nakama, A., Gobert, J.D. (2010) Identifying Student' Inquiry Planning Using Machine
Learning. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 141-150.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., de Carvalho, A.M.J.A., Raspat, J., Aleven, V., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2009) Educational Software Features that Encourage and Discourage "Gaming the System". Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 475-482. [corrected pdf] [erratum] [Honorable Mention for Best Paper Award]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2009) Differences Between Intelligent Tutor Lessons, and the Choice to Go Off-Task. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 11-20. [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2009) Coarse-Grained Detection of Student Frustration in an Introductory Programming Course. Proceedings of ICER 2009: the International Computing Education Workshop. [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S., Jadud, M.C., Amarra, A.C.M., Dy, T., Espejo-Lahoz, M.B.V., Lim, S.A.L., Pascua, S.A.M.S., Sugay, J.O., Tabanao, E.S. (2009) Affective and Behavioral Predictors of Novice Programmer Achievement. Proceedings of the 14th ACM-SIGCSE Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 156-160. [pdf]
Prata, D.N., Baker, R.S.J.d., Costa, E., Rosé, C.P., Cui, Y., de Carvalho, A.M.J.B. (2009) Detecting and Understanding the Impact of Cognitive and Interpersonal Conflict in Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Environments. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 131-140. [pdf]
Cocea, M., Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2009) The Impact of Off-task and Gaming Behaviors on Learning: Immediate or Aggregate? Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 507-514. [pdf]
Shute, V., Levy, R., Baker, R., Beck, J. (2009) Intelligent Educational Systems with Embedded Assessment to Support Learning: A Peek into the Future. Proceedings of the AIED2009 Workshop on Intelligent Educational Games.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Aleven, V. (2008) Improving Contextual
Models of Guessing and Slipping with a Truncated Training Set.Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 67-76.[corrected pdf] [erratum]
Baker, R.S.J.d., de Carvalho, A. M. J. A. (2008) Labeling Student Behavior Faster and More Precisely with Text Replays. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 38-47.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Aleven, V. (2008) More Accurate Student Modeling Through Contextual Estimation of Slip and Guess Probabilities in Bayesian Knowledge Tracing. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 406-415. [corrected pdf] [erratum]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., d'Mello, S., Gonzalez, M.C.T., Lagud, M.C.V., Lim, S.A.L., Macapanpan, A.F., Pascua, S.A.M.S., Santillano, J.Q., Sugay, J.O., Tep, S., Viehland, N.J.B. (2008) Comparing Learners' Affect While Using an Intelligent Tutoring Systems and a Simulation Problem Solving Game. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 40-49. [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Anglo, E.A., Sugay, J.O., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2008) Use of Unsupervised Clustering to Characterize Learner Behaviors and Affective States while Using an Intelligent Tutoring System. Proceedings of International Conference on Computers in Education, 49-56.[pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Rebolledo-Mendez, G., Baker, R.S.J.d., du Boulay, B., Sugay, J.O., Lim, S.A.L., Espejo-Lahoz, M.B., Luckin, R. (2008) The Effects of Motivational Modeling on Affect in an Intelligent Tutoring System. Proceedings of International Conference on Computers in Education, 57-64.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Xolocotzin, U.E. (2007) The Dynamics of
Affective Transitions in Simulation Problem-Solving Environments.
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Affective Computing
and Intelligent Interaction . [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Habgood, M.P.J., Ainsworth, S.E., Corbett, A.T. (2007) Modeling the Acquisition of Fluent Skill in Educational Action Games. Proceedings of User Modeling 2007, 17-26. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2007) Modeling and Understanding Students' Off-Task Behavior in Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007: Computer-Human Interaction, 1059-1068. [Honorable Mention for Best Paper Award] [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Lagud, M.C.V., Lim, S.A.L., Macapanpan, A.F., Pascua, S.A.M.S., Santillano, J.Q., Sevilla, L.R.S., Sugay, J.O., Tep, S., Viehland, N.J.B. (2007) Affect and Usage Choices in Simulation Problem Solving Environments. Proceedings of Artificial Intelligence in Education 2007, 145-152. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2007) Is Gaming the System State-or-Trait? Educational Data Mining Through the Multi-Contextual Application of a Validated Behavioral Model. Complete On-Line Proceedings of the Workshop on Data Mining for User Modeling at the 11th International Conference on User Modeling 2007, 76-80. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R., Evenson, S.E., Roll, I., Wagner, A.Z., Naim, M., Raspat, J., Baker, D.J., Beck, J. (2006) Adapting to When Students Game an Intelligent Tutoring System. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 392-401. [Won Best Paper Award] [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R., Roll, I. (2006)
Generalizing Detection of Gaming the System Across a Tutoring Curriculum. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent
Tutoring Systems, 402-411. [Finalist for Best Paper Award] [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Corbett, A.T., Wagner, A.Z. (2006) Human Classification of
Low-Fidelity Replays of Student Actions. Proceedings of the Educational Data
Mining Workshop at the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 29-36.
[pdf]
Roll, I., Aleven, V., McLaren, B.M., Ryu, E., Baker, R.S.J.d., Koedinger, K.R. (2006) The Help Tutor: Does Metacognitive Feedback
Improve Students' Help-Seeking Actions, Skills, and Learning? Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent
Tutoring Systems, 360-369.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Roll, I., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2005) Do
Performance Goals
Lead Students to Game the System? Proceedings of the International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education (AIED2005), 57-64. [Finalist for Best Paper Award]
[pdf]
Fogarty, J., Baker, R., Hudson, S. (2005)
Case Studies in the use of ROC Curve Analysis for Sensor-Based Estimates
in Human Computer Interaction. Proceedings of Graphics Interface
(GI 2005), 129-136.
[pdf]
Roll, R., Baker, R., Aleven, V., McLaren, B., Koedinger, K. (2005)
Modeling Students' Metacognitive Errors in Two Intelligent Tutoring
Systems. Proceedings of User Modeling 2005, 367-376. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2004)
Detecting Student Misuse of Intelligent Tutoring Systems.
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring
Systems, 531-540.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2004)
Learning to Distinguish Between Representations of Data:
a Cognitive Tutor That Uses Contrasting Cases.
Proceedings of the International Conference of the Learning Sciences,
58-65. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R., Wagner, A.Z. (2004) Off-Task Behavior in the Cognitive Tutor Classroom: When Students
"Game The System". Proceedings of ACM CHI 2004: Computer-Human
Interaction, 383-390. [pdf]
Baker R.S., Corbett A.T., Koedinger K.R., Schneider, M.P. (2003)A Formative
Evaluation of a Tutor for Scatterplot Generation: Evidence on Difficulty
Factors. Proceedings of the Conference on Artificial Intelligence in
Education, 107-115. [pdf]
Baker R.S., Corbett A.T., Koedinger K.R. (2002) The Resilience of
Overgeneralization of Knowledge about Data Representations. Presented
at American Educational Research Association Conference. [pdf]
Baker R.S., Corbett A.T., Koedinger K.R. (2001) Toward a Model of
Learning
Data Representations. Proceedings of the 23rd Conference of the
Cognitive Science
Society, 45-50 [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Boilen, M., Goodrich, M., Tamassia, R., and Stibel, B.A.
(1999) Testers and Visualizers for Teaching Data Structures. 30th
ACM
SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 261-265. [pdf]
CONFERENCE POSTERS AND SHORT PAPERS
Svabensky,V., Bouchet, F., Tarrazona, F., Lopez, M., Baker, R.S.
(in press) Data Set Size Analysis for Detecting
the Urgency of Discussion Forum Posts. Companion Proceedings of
the 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge.
[pdf]
Cloude, E., Baker, R.S., Pankiewicz, M. (2023) Measuring Self-regulated Learning Processes in Computer Science Education.
Proceedings of the 31st International
Conference on Computers in Education. [pdf]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Cloude, E., Baker, R.S., Lee, S. (2023) Investigating Cognitive Biases in
Self-Explanation Behaviors during Game-based Learning about Mathematics.
Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Liu, X., Slater, S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Swanson, L., Scianna, J., Gagnon, D., Baker, R.S. (2023)
Struggling to Detect Struggle in Students Playing a Science Exploration Game.
Proceedings of CHI Play 2023 Work in Progress. [pdf]
Gonzalez, H., Li, J., Jin, H., Ren, J., Zhang, H., Akinyele, A., Wang, A., Miltsakaki, E., Baker,
R.S., Callison-Burch, C. (2023) Automatically Generated Summaries of Video Lectures
Enhance Students' Learning Experience. Poster, Proceedings of the 18th Workshop on
Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications.
[pdf]
Svabensky, V., Baker, R.S., Zambrano, A., Zou, Y., Slater, S. (2023)
Towards Generalizable Detection of Urgency of Discussion Forum Posts.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Data Mining.
[Won Best Short Paper Award]
[pdf]
Zhang, J., Baker, R.S., Farmer, T. (2023) No Benefit for High-Dosage Time Management Interventions in
Online Courses. Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on Learning at Scale
[pdf]
Hutt, S., Das, S., Baker, R.S. (2023) The Right To Be Forgotten and Educational Data Mining:
Challenges and Paths Forward. Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Data Mining.
[pdf]
Esbenshade, L., Baker, R.S., Vitale, J. (2023) From a Prediction Model to Meaningful Reports in School.
Proceedings of the Education Leadership Data Analytics (ELDA) Conference 2023.
[pdf]
Nasiar, N., Baker, R.S., Zou, Y., Zhang, J., Hutt, S. (2023) Modeling problem-solving strategy invention (PSSI)
behavior in an online math environment. Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Education. [pdf]
Pankiewicz, M., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2023) Using intelligent tutoring on the first steps of learning to
program: affective and learning outcomes. Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Education.
[Nominated for Best Poster Award] [pdf]
Zhang, J., Pang, S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Baker, R.S., Cloude, E., Nguyen, H.A., McLaren, B.M. (2023)
Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Detect Gaming the System in Open-ended Questions in
a Math Digital Learning Game. Poster Presentation at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Text
and Discourse. [pdf]
Hutt, S., Baker, R.S., DePiro, A., Wang, J., Rhodes, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Mills, C. (2023)
Feedback on Feedback: Automated Detection of Peer Feedback Quality. Paper presented at
the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse.
[pdf]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Baker, R.S., Hutt, S.J., Mills, C., Zhang, J., Rhodes, S., DePiro, A. (2023)
Anxiety, Achievement, and Self-Regulated Learning in CueThink. Proceedings of the International
Society of the Learning Sciences. [pdf]
Zhang, J., Baker, R.S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Hutt, S., Sethuraman, S. (2023) Automated Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Peer Feedback in Middle
School Mathematics. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative
Learning. [pdf]
Slater, S., Baker, R.S., Gagnon, D., Harpstead, E., Andres, J.M.A.L.,
Swanson, L. (2022) Changing Students' Perceptions of a History Exploration
Game Using Different Scripts. Proceedings of the 30th
International Conference on Computers in Education.[pdf]
Botelho, A., Adjei, S., Bahel, V., Baker, R.S. (2022) Exploring Relationships
Between Temporal Patterns of Affect and Student Learning.
Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Andres, J.M.A.L., Hutt, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S. (2022) Investigating
How Achievement Goals Influence Student Behavior in Computer Based Learning.
Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Computers
in Education. [pdf]
He, M., Baker, R.S., Hutt, S., Zhang, J. (2022) A Less Conservative Method for
Reliability Estimation for Cohen's Kappa. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Quantitative Ethnography. [published pdf]
[extended white paper version]
Li, Y., Zou, X., Ma, Z., Baker, R.S. (2022) A Multi-Pronged Redesign to Reduce Gaming the
System. Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
in Education, 334-337.[pdf] Extended Technical Report version
[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Zhang, J., Baker, R.S., Scruggs, R., Cade, W., Clements, M., Lin, S. (2022)
Using Neural Network-Based Knowledge Tracing for a Learning System with Unreliable Skill
Tags. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Educational Data
Mining. [pdf]
Levin, N., Baker, R.S., Nasiar, N., Fancsali, S., Hutt, S. (2022) Evaluating Gaming Detector Model Robustness Over Time. Proceedings of the 15th
International Conference on Educational Data Mining.
[corrected pdf]
[erratum]
Slater, S., Baker, R.S., Shute, V., Bowers, A. (2022) Engagement-Based Player Typologies
Describe Game-Based Learning Outcomes. Proceedings of the 23rd International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 325-328.
[pdf]
Maier, C., Baker, R.S., Stalzer, S. (2021) Challenges to Applying Performance Factor
Analysis to Existing Learning Systems.
Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Hutt, S., Andres, J.M.A.L., Baker, R.S., Biswas, G., Bosch, N., Paquette, L.,
Munshi, A. (2021) Using Qualitative Data from Targeted
Interviews to Inform Rapid AIED Development.
Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Hutt, S., Ocumpaugh J., Andres, J.M.A.L., Munshi, A., Bosch, N., Baker, R.S., Zhang, Y.,
Paquette, L., Slater, S., Biswas, G.
(2021) Who's Stopping You? - Using Microanalysis to Explore the Impact of Science Anxiety on
Self-Regulated Learning Operations. Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the
Cognitive Science Society.[pdf]
Hutt, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Andres, J.M.A.L., Bosch, N., Paquette, L., Biswas, G., Baker, R.S. (2021)
Sharpest Tool in the Shed: Investigating SMART Models of Self-Regulation and their
Impact on Learning. Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational
Data Mining.
[pdf]
Zhang, J., Das, R., Baker, R.S., Scruggs, R. (2021) Knowledge Tracing Models' Predictive
Performance when a Student Starts a Skill. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Educational Data Mining.
[pdf] [Runner-up for Best Poster Presentation]
Baker, R., McLaren, B., Hutt, S., Richey, J.E., Rowe, E., Almeda, M.V., Mogessie, M., Andres,
J.M.A.L. (2021) Towards Sharing Student Models Across Learning Systems.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
[pdf]
Zhou, Y., Andres-Bray, J.M., Hutt, S., Ostrow, K., Baker, R.S. (2021) A Comparison of Hints
vs. Scaffolding in a MOOC with Adult Learners. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Gasevic, D. (2021) Understanding LAK by understanding its philosophical
paradigms. Companion Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Learning
Analytics and Knowledge, 318-319.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Al Yammahi, A., El Sebaaly, J., Nadaf, A., Kapp, A., Adjei, S. (2020) Can
Computer-Based Learning Environments Mitigate Large Class Size? Proceedings of
the 28th International Conference on Computers in Education.
[pdf]
Mogessie, M., Richey, J.E., McLaren, B.M., Andres-Bray, J.M.L., Baker, R.S. (2020)
Confrustion and Gaming while Learning with Erroneous Examples in a Decimals Game.
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 208-213.
[pdf]
Tywoniw, R., Crossley, S.A., Ocumpaugh, J., Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R. (2020) Is there a
Relationship Between Math Performance and Human Judgments of Math Affect? Findings from
an Online Math Tutoring System. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference
on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 329-333.
[pdf]
Slater, S., Baker, R.S., Wang, Y. (2020) Iterative Feature Engineering Through Text Replays of Model Errors.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 503-508. [pdf]
Agnihotri, L., Baker, R.S., Stalzer, S. (2020) A Procrastination Index for Online Learning Based on Assignment Start Time.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 550-554. [pdf]
Shah, M., Snow, E., Baker, R.S., Gouveia, C. (2020) Learning Scientists in Academia and
Industry: Building Bridges and Expanding the Potential of our Community.
Proceedings of the International Conference on the Learning Sciences.
[pdf]
Lan, A., Botelho, A., Karumbaiah, S., Baker, R., Heffernan, N. (2020) Accurate and Interpretable
Sensor-free Affect Detectors via Monotonic Neural Networks. Poster Paper. Companion Proceedings of the 10th
International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge.
[pdf]
Molenaar, I., Horvers, A., Baker, R.S. (2019) How do personalized visualizations influence students self-regulated learning?
Poster presented at 18th Biennial European Association of Research and Learning and Instruction Conference.
[pdf]
Raamadhurai, S., Baker, R.S., Poduval, V. (2019) Curio SmartChat: A system for Natural
Language Question Answering for Self-Paced K-12 Learning. Proceedings of the
14th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications.
[pdf]
Zou, X., Ma, W., Ma, Z., Baker, R. (2019) Towards Helping Teachers Select Optimal Content
for Students. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence in Education, 413-417. [pdf]
Owen, V.E., Roy, M-H., Thai, K.P., Burnett, V., Jacobs, D., Keylor, E., Baker, R.S. (2019)
Detecting Wheel Spinning and Productive Persistence in Educational Games.
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 378-383.
[pdf]
Coleman, C., Baker, R., Stephenson, S. (2019) A Better Cold-Start for Early Prediction of
Student At-Risk Status in New School Districts. Proceedings of the 12th
International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 732-737. [pdf]
Botelho, A.F., Baker, R., Heffernan, N.T. (2019) Machine-Learned or Expert-Engineered
Features? Exploring Feature Engineering Methods in Detectors of Disengaged Behavior and
Affect. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 508-511. [pdf]
Andres-Bray, J.M., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R. (2019) Hello? Who is posting, who is answering,
and who is succeeding in Massive Open Online Courses. Poster paper. Proceedings
of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 492-495.
[pdf]
Anderson, H., Boodhwani, A., Baker, R. (2019) Assessing the Fairness of Graduation
Predictions. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
Educational Data Mining, 488-491. [pdf]
Anderson, H., Boodhwani, A., Baker, R. (2019) Predicting Graduation at a Public R1 University.
Proceedings
of the 9th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference.
[pdf]
Slater, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Li, J., Labrum, M. (2018) Identifying Changes in
Math Identity Through Adaptive Learning Systems Use. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference
on Computers in Education, 71-76.[pdf]
Patikorn, T., Heffernan, N.T., Baker, R.S. (2018) ASSISTments Longitudinal Data Mining
Competition 2017: A Preface. Proceedings of the Workshop on Scientific Findings from the ASSISTments
Longitudinal Data Competition, International Conference on Educational Data Mining.
[pdf]
Gardner, J., Yang, Y., Baker, R.S., Brooks, R. (2018) Enabling End-to-End Machine Learning
Replicability: A Case Study in Educational Data Mining. Reproducibility in Machine Learning
Workshop, International Conference on Machine Learning 2018.[pdf]
Aleven, V., Sewall, J., Andres, J.M., Sottilare, R., Long, R., Baker, R. (2018) Towards
Adapting to Learners at Scale: Integrating MOOC and Intelligent Tutoring Frameworks.
Proceedings of the 4th Annual ACM Conference on Learning at Scale, Article Number 14.
[pdf]
Paquette, L., Baker, R., Moskal, M. (2018) A System-General Model for the Detection of
Gaming the System Behavior in CTAT and LearnSphere. Proceedings of the 15th
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education., 257-260
[pdf]
Aghababyan, A., Lewkow, N., Baker, R. (2018) Enhancing the Clustering of Student
Performance Using the Variation in Confidence. Proceedings of the 14th
International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 274-279.
[pdf]
Karumbaiah, S., Rahimi, S., Baker, R.S., Shute, V., D'Mello, S.K. (2018) Is Student
Frustration in Learning Games More Associated with Game Mechanics or Conceptual
Understanding? Proceedings of the International Conference of the Learning
Sciences.[pdf]
Aslan, S., Okur, E., Alyuz, N., Esma, A.A., Baker, R.S. (2018) Towards Human Affect
Modeling: A Comparative Analysis of Discrete Affect and Valence-Arousal Labeling.
Proceedings of the HCI International 2018 Conference, 372-379.
[pdf]
Rowe, E., Asbell-Clarke, J., Baker, R., Gasca, S., Bardar, E., Scruggs, R. (2018) Labeling
Implicit Computational Thinking in Pizza Pass Gameplay. Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI
Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Paper Number LBW568.
[pdf]
Kostyuk, V., Almeda, M.V., Baker, R.S. (2018)
Correlating Affect and Behavior in Reasoning Mind with State Test Achievement. In Proceedings of the International
Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 26-30.[pdf]
Slater, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R., Allen, L., Almeda, M.V., Heffernan, N. (2017) Using Natural Language Processing Tools to Develop Complex Models of Student Engagement. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction.
[pdf]
Eagle, M., Corbett, A., Stamper, J., McLaren, B., Wagner, A., MacLaren, B., Mitchell, A., Baker, R. (2017) Exploring Learner Model Differences Between Students. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 494-497.
[pdf]
Xie, J., Mojarad, S., Shubeck, K., Essa, A., Baker, R.S., Hu, X. (2017)
Student Learning Strategies and Behaviors to Predict
Success in an Online Adaptive Mathematics Tutoring
System. Proceedings
of the 10th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 460-465. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Almeda, M.V., Slater, S., Baker, R., Allen, L. (2017) Lexical Sophistication, Learning, and Engagement in Math Problems. Paper presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse.
[pdf]
Andres, J.M.L., Baker, R.S., Siemens, G., Spann, C.A., Gasevic, D., Crossley, S. (2017) Studying MOOC Completion at Scale Using the MOOC Replication Framework. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 338-339.
[pdf]
Slater, S., Baker, R., Almeda, M.V., Bowers, A., Heffernan, N. (2017) Using Correlational
Topic Modeling for Automated Topic Identification in Intelligent Tutoring Systems.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 393-397.
[pdf]
Agnihotri, L., Essa, A., Baker, R. (2017) Impact of Student Choice of Content Adoption Delay
on Course Outcomes. Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning
Analytics and Knowledge, 16-20.[pdf]
Aghababyan, A., Lewkow, N. Baker, R. (2017) Exploring the Asymmetry of Metacognition.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 115-119.
[pdf]
Zimmerman, N., Baker, R. (2017) Mining Knowledge Components From Many Untagged
Questions. Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Analytics and
Knowledge, 566-567.[pdf]
Godwin, K.E., Seltman, H., Almeda, M.V.Q., Kai, S., Baker, R.S., Fisher, A.V. (2016) The Variable Relationship Between
On-Task Behavior and Learning. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 812-817.
[pdf]
Malkiewich, L., Baker, R.S., Shute, V., Kai, S., Paquette, L. (2016) Classifying behavior to elucidate elegant
problem solving in an educational game. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 448-453. [pdf]
Inventado, P.S., Scupelli, P., Van Inwegen, E., Ostrow, K., Heffernan, N., Baker, R.S., Slater, S., Almeda, M.V.,
Ocumpaugh, J. (2016) Hint Availability Slows Completion Times in Summer Work. To appear in Proceedings of the
9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 388-393.[pdf]
Owen, V., Anton, G., Baker, R.S. (2016) Modeling User Trajectories of Exploration and Boundary Testing in
Learning Games. Proceedings of the 24th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization,
301-302. [pdf]
Aleven, V., Baker, R., Wang, Y., Sewall, J., Popescu, O. (2016) Bringing Non-Programmer
Authoring of Intelligent Tutors to MOOCs. Proceedings of ACM Learning at Scale, 313-316.
[pdf]
Moore, G., Baker, R.S., Gowda, S.M. (2015) The Antecedents of Moments of Learning.
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 1631-1636.
[corrected pdf] [erratum]
Baker, R., Lindrum, D., Lindrum, M.J., Perkowski, D. (2015) Analyzing Early At-Risk
Factors in Higher Education e-Learning Courses. Proceedings of the 8th
International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 150-155.
[pdf]
Rowe, E., Baker, R.S., Asbell-Clarke, J. (2015) Strategic Game Moves Mediate Implicit
Science Learning. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 432-435. [pdf]
Crossley, S., McNamara, D., Baker, R.S., Wang, Y., Paquette, L., Barnes, T., Bergner, Y.
(2015) Language to Completion: Success in an Educational Data Mining Massive Open
Online Course. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 388-391. [corrected pdf] [erratum]
Aleven, V., Sewall, J., Popescu, O., Xhakaj, F., Chand, D., Baker, R., Wang, Y., Siemens, G.,
Rosé, C., Gasevic, D. (2015) The Beginning of a Beautiful Friendship? Intelligent Tutoring
Systems and MOOCs. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence in Education, 525-528. [pdf]
Jiang, Y., Baker, R.S., Paquette, L., San Pedro, M.O., Heffernan, N.T. (2015) Learning, Moment-by-Moment,
and Over the Long Term. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in
Education, 654-657.[pdf]
Mulqueeny, K., Mingle, L.A., Kostyuk, V., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2015) Improving
Engagement in an E-Learning Environment. Proceedings of the 17th International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 730-733. [pdf].
Paquette, L., Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R. (2015) Simulating Multi-Subject
Momentary Time Sampling. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 586-587. [pdf]
Brown, R., Lynch, C.F., Eagle, M., Albert, J., Barnes, T., Baker, R.,
Bergner, Y., McNamara, D. (2015) Good Communities and Bad Communities:
Does membership affect performance? Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 612-614. [pdf]
Snow, E.L., San Pedro, M.O.Z., Jacovina, M., McNamara, D.S., Baker, R.S.
(2015) Achievement versus Experience: Predicting Students' Choices during
Gameplay. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational
Data Mining, 564-565. [pdf]
San Pedro, M.O., Baker, R., Heffernan, N., Ocumpaugh, J. (2015)
Exploring College Major Choice and Middle School Student Behavior, Affect and Learning: What Happens to Students Who Game the System?
Proceedings of the 5th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge
Conference, 36-40. [pdf]
Miller, W.L., Baker, R., Labrum, M., Petsche, K., Liu, Y-H., Wagner, A. (2015)
Automated Detection of Proactive Remediation by Teachers in Reasoning Mind Classrooms.
Proceedings of the 5th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge
Conference, 290-294. [pdf]
Andres, J.M., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Sugay, J.O., Baker, R.S., Paquette, L., Shute, V.J., Ventura, M., Small, M. (2014) An Exploratory Analysis of Confusion Among Students Using Newton's Playground.
Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computers in Education.[pdf]
San Pedro, M.O.Z., Ocumpaugh, J.L., Baker, R.S., Heffernan, N.T. (2014) Predicting STEM and Non-STEM College Major Enrollment from Middle School Interaction with Mathematics Educational Software. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 276-279. [pdf]
Paquette, L., de Carvalho, A.M.J.A., Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2014) Reengineering the Feature Distillation Process: A Case Study in the Detection of Gaming the System. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 284-287. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Ocumpaugh, J. (2014) Cost-Effective, Actionable Engagement Detection at Scale. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 345-346.[pdf]
Hsiao, I-H., Chae, H.S., Malhotra, M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Natriello, G. (2014) Exploring Engaging Dialogues in Video Discussions. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 363-364.[pdf]
Rowe, E., Baker, R.S., Asbell-Clarke, J., Kasman, E., Hawkins, W.J. (2014) Building Automated Detectors of Gameplay Strategies to Measure Implicit Science Learning. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 337-338.[pdf]
Hawkins, W.J., Heffernan, N.T., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2014) Learning Bayesian Knowledge Tracing Parameters with a Knowledge Heuristic and Empirical Probabilities. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 150-155. [pdf]
Stephenson, S., Baker, R., Corrigan, S. (2014) Towards Building an Automated Detector of Engaged and Disengaged Behavior in Game-Based Assessments. Poster presented at the 10th Annual Conference on Games+Learning+Society. [Won Attendee Choice Award for Most Original Research] [pdf]
Almeda, M.V., Scupelli, P., Baker, R.S., Weber, M., Fisher, A. (2014) Clustering of Design Decisions in Classroom Visual Displays. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 44-48. [pdf]
Corbett, A., MacLaren, B., Wagner, A., Kauffman, L., Mitchell, A., Baker, R. (2013) Enhancing Robust Learning through Problem Solving in the Genetics Cognitive Tutor. Poster paper. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 2094-2099.[pdf]
Godwin, K.E., Almeda, M.V., Petroccia, M., Baker, R.S., Fisher, A.V. (2013) Classroom activities and off-task behavior in elementary school children. Poster paper. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 2428-2433.[corrected pdf] [erratum]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Moore, G.R., Rossi, L.M., van Velsen, M. (2013) The Interplay between Affect and Engagement in Classrooms Using AIED Software. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 587-590.[pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gaudino, S., Labrum, M.J., Dezendorf, T. (2013) Field Observations of Engagement in Reasoning Mind. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, 624-627.[pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d., Ocumpaugh, J.L., Gowda, S.M., Gowda, S.M., Heffernan, N.T. (2013) Ensuring Reliability of Educational Data Mining Detectors for Diverse Populations of Learners. Presentation at CREA: Center for Culturally Responsive Evaluation and Assessment: Inaugural Conference. [pdf]
Sao Pedro, M.A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J.D. (2013) What Different Kinds of Stratification Can Reveal about the
Generalizability of Data-Mined Skill Assessment Models. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 190-194. [pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., McLaren, B., Jayme, A., Dy, T. (2012) Development of a Workbench to Address the Educational Data Mining Bottleneck. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 152-155.[pdf]
Soriano, J.C.A., Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Ogan, A., Walker, E., Castro, M.J., Genato,
R., Fontaine, S., Belmontez, R. (2012) A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Effective HelpSeeking Behavior among Students Using an ITS for Math. Poster paper. Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 636-637.[pdf]
Roberge, D., Rojas, A., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012) Does the Length of Time Off-Task Matter? Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge.[pdf]
Siemens, G., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012) Learning Analytics and Educational Data Mining: Towards Communication and Collaboration. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge.[pdf]
Hershkovitz, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Wixon, M. (2011) Goal Orientation and Changes of Carelessness over Consecutive Trials in Science Inquiry. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 315-316.[pdf]
Walker, E., Ogan, A., Baker, R.S.J.d., de Carvalho, A., Laurentino, T., Rebolledo-Mendez, G., Castro, M.J. (2011) Observations of Collaboration in Cognitive Tutor Use in Latin America. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 575-577.[pdf]
Stamper, J., Koedinger, K., Baker, R.S.J.d., Skogsholm, A., Leber, B., Demi, S., Yu, S., Spencer, D. (2011) Managing the Educational Dataset Lifecycle with Datashop. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 557-559.[pdf]
Hershkovitz, A., Wixon, M., Baker, R.S.J.d., Gobert, J., Sao Pedro, M. (2011) Carelessness and Goal Orientation in a Science Microworld. Poster paper. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 462-465.[pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Nabos, J.Q. (2010) The Relationships Between Sequences of Affective States and Learner Achievements. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computers in Education.[pdf]
Rodrigo, M.M.T., Baker, R.S.J.d., Agapito, J., Nabos, J., Repalam, M.C., Reyes, S.S. (2010) Comparing Disengaged Behavior within a Cognitive Tutor in the USA and Philippines. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 263-265. [pdf]
Giguere, S., Beck, J., Baker, R. (2010) Modeling gaming using classic student modeling approaches. Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 321-323.
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A., Koedinger, K., Roll, I. (2005) Detecting
When Students Game The System, Across Tutor Subjects and Classroom
Cohorts. Proceedings of User Modeling 2005, 220-224. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Wagner, A.Z., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2004)
The Social Role of Technical Personnel in the Deployment of Intelligent
Tutoring Systems. Proceedings of International
Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. (download technical report version)
Roll, I., Baker, R.S., Aleven, V., Koedinger, K.R. (2004) A
Metacognitive ACT-R model of Students' Learning Strategies in
Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Proceedings
of International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 854-856.
Roll, I., Baker, R.S., Aleven, V., Koedinger, K.R. (2004) What goals
do students have when choosing the actions they perform?
Proceedings of International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.
[pdf].
Dabbish L.A., Baker R.S. (2003) Administrative Assistants as
Interruption Mediators. ACM CHI: Computer-Human Interaction, 2003, 1020-1021.
WHITE PAPERS/OFFICIAL REPORTS
Baker, R.S., Bosch, N., Hutt, S., Zambrano, A.F., Bowers, A.J. (2024)
On Fixing the Right Problems in Predictive Analytics: AUC Is Not the Problem.
Technical Report. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Center for Learning Analytics.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Boser, U., Jones, L., Lee, S., Ocumpaugh, J., Sieve, M., Cheng, Y. (2022)
Transforming Educational Technology Through Convergence. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Center for Learning Analytics.
[pdf]
Li, Y., Zou, X., Ma, Z., Baker, R.S. (2022) A Multi-Pronged Redesign to Reduce Gaming the
System. Extended Technical Report version
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Boser, U. (2021) High-Leverage Opportunities for Learning Engineering.
Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Center for Learning Analytics.
[pdf]
Baker, R.S., Berning, A., Gowda, S.M. (2020) Differentiating Military-Connected and Non-Military-Connected Students: Predictors of Graduation and SAT Score. Unpublished Technical Report. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S., Rodrigo, M.M.T. (2015) Baker Rodrigo Ocumpaugh Monitoring Protocol (BROMP) 2.0 Technical and Training Manual.. Technical Report. New York, NY: Teachers College, Columbia University. Manila, Philippines: Ateneo Laboratory for the Learning Sciences. [pdf]
Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R.S.J.d., Rodrigo, M.M.T. (2012) Baker-Rodrigo Observation Method Protocol (BROMP) 1.0. Training Manual version 1.0. Technical Report. New York, NY: EdLab. Manila, Philippines: Ateneo Laboratory for the Learning Sciences. [pdf]
Siemens, G., Gasevic, D., Haythornthwaite, C., Dawson, S., Shum, S.B., Ferguson, R., Duval, E., Verbert, K., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Open Learning Analytics: an integrated & modularized platform: Proposal to design, implement and evaluate an open platform to integrate heterogeneous learning analytics techniques. Athabasca, Alberta, Canada: Society for Learning Analytics Research. [pdf]
Woolf, B.P., Shute, V., VanLehn, K., Burleson, W., King, J.L., Suthers, D., Bredeweg, B., Luckin, R., Baker, R.S.J.d., Tonkin, E. (2010) A Roadmap for Education Technology. Washington, DC: Computing Community Consortium.[pdf]
Woolf, B.P., Baker, R., Gianchandani, E.P. (2010) From Data to Knowledge to Action: Enabling Personalized Education. Washington, DC: Computing Community Consortium. [doc]
UNPUBLISHED PREPRINTS
Tao, Y., Viberg, O., Baker, R.S., Kizilcec, R.F. (2023)
Auditing and Mitigating Cultural Bias in LLMs.
arXiv:2311.14096. [html]
THESES
Baker, R.S. (2005) Designing Intelligent Tutors That Adapt to When
Students Game the System. Doctoral Dissertation. CMU Technical Report
CMU-HCII-05-104. [pdf]
Baker R.S. (2000) PILOT: An Interactive Tool For Learning and
Grading.
Senior Honors Thesis, Brown University. June, 2000. [pdf] Advisors: Roberto Tamassia , Thomas Dean.
HUMOR ARTICLES
Baker R.S. (2002) The sleep retardant properties of my ex-girlfriend. Annals of Improbable Research, May/June 2002. pp. 9-11. [pdf]
Baker R.S., Baker R.S., Baker R.S. (2002) Collaborative Research Across Alternate Universes. Psychology Postgraduate Affairs Group Quarterly. [pdf]
OTHER DOCUMENTS
Sao Pedro, M.A., Gobert, J.D., Baker, R. (2014) The Impacts of Automatic Scaffolding on Students' Acquisition of Data Collection Inquiry Skills. Roundtable presentation at American Educational Research Association 2014.
Medvedeva, O., de Carvalho, A.M.J.B., Baker, R.S.J.d., Crowley, R.S. (2013) A classifier to detect student 'gaming' of a medical education system. Technical Report. New York, NY: Educational Data Mining Laboratory. [pdf]
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012). Guessing and Learning. In N.M. Seel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the Sciences
of Learning (pp. 1397-1398). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Baker, R.S.J.d. (2012). Guessing Model. In N.M. Seel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the Sciences of
Learning (pp. 1398-1399). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Castro, M.J., Cárdenas, E.S., Ogan, A., Baker, R.S.J.d. (2011) Tutor Cognitivo y el incremento de aprendizaje en matemática. (Cognitive Tutors and Learning Gains in Mathematics). CIAEM 2011: XIII Conferencia Interamericana de Educación Matematica. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Wagner, A.Z., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2004)
The Social Role of Technical Personnel in the Deployment of Intelligent
Tutoring Systems. CMU Technical Report CMU-HCII-04-100, July 2004. [pdf]
Baker, R.S., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R. (2003) Statistical
Techniques For Comparing ACT-R Models of Cognitive Performance.
Proceedings of the 10th Annual ACT-R Workshop, 129-134. [pdf]
Baker R.S., Corbett A.T., Koedinger K.R. (2002) Distinct Errors
Arising From a Single Misconception. Published as abstract,
Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society Conference, 990. [pdf]
Baker R., Parberry I. (1996) Increasing Frame Rate In An Interactive
Sprite Engine. Texas Academy of Science Conference. March, 1996.
Published as abstract.